Crystal L. Hoyt Assistant Professor Curriculum Vitae Richmond Research Institute Profile University Communications Experts Guide Profile

Dr. Hoyt's personal page

As a social psychologist, Crystal Hoyt brings a psychological perspective to the study and teaching of leadership. Her research reflects a commitment to conducting both basic and applied investigations. Her primary research interests include women and minority leaders, stereotyping and discrimination, stigma, social cognitive theory, cognitive biases and leadership, and experimental methodology.

In her primary area of research, she is exploring the impact of stereotypes and discrimination on non-dominant, stigmatized leaders by focusing on such important variables as leadership efficacy, identification with the leadership role, attributions, and implicit theories of leadership. In a more applied fashion, she is examining factors, such as role models, that may or may not buffer these nontraditional leaders from the deleterious effects of stereotypes and discrimination.

Dr. Hoyt has received a number of grants, fellowships, and awards for both her teaching and research. She maintains an active experimental research program that involves mentoring many undergraduate students in both joint and independent research projects. She works closely with teams of student researchers and was honored in 2007 as a nominee for the Outstanding Mentor Award for the Undergraduate Research Committee. She has co-authored several papers with her undergraduates. 

Her research appears in journals such as Psychological Inquiry, Journal of Experimental and Social Psychology, Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, Group Dynamics, Small Group Research and Leadership Quarterly. She is currently editing a book, Psychology and Leadership, with Al Goethals and Don Forsyth.

Courses and Syllabi

• Women and Leadership: A Stigma Perspective
• Social Psychology of Pluralism
• Leadership and Psychology [Syllabus] Part of Keck Initiative
• Leading Groups [Syllabus]
• Research Methods [Syllabus]
• Junior Honors Tutorial [Syllabus]

Selected Publications

• Hoyt, C. & Chemers, M. Social Stigma and Leadership.  To appear in C. Hoyt, G. Goethals, & D. Forsyth (Eds.) Social Psychology and Leadership. Forthcoming from Praeger.
• Hoyt, C. & Blascovich, J. Leadership Efficacy and Women Leaders’ Responses to Stereotype Activation. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations. In press.
• Hoyt, C., Simon, S., & *Reid, L. The Effect of Mortality Salience on Leader Preference Based on Gender. Leadership Quarterly. Forthcoming.
•  Hoyt, C., *Aguilar, L., Kaiser, C., Blascovich, J., & *Lee, K. (in press). The Self-Protective and Undermining Effects of Attributional Ambiguity. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. In press.
• Women and Leadership. In P. Northouse’s Leadership: Theory and Practice, 4th edition (pp. 265-299). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage (2006).
• Social Learning. In R. Baumeister & K. Vohs (Eds), Encyclopedia of Social Psychology. Newbury Park, CA: Sage (2006).
• Hoyt, C., Goethals, G. & Riggio, R. Leader-Follower Relations: Group Dynamics and the Role of Leadership. In G. Goethals & G. Sorenson (Eds.) A Quest for a General Theory of Leadership: A Multidisciplinary Experiment (pp. 96-122). Cheltenham, U.K.: Edward Elgar Publishing (2006).
• Leader-Follower Relations. To appear in Key Themes in Leadership Studies. Routledge. Hoyt, C. L. (2006).
• The Role of Leadership Efficacy and Stereotype Activation in Women’s Identification with Leadership. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 11(4), 2-14. (2005).
• Hoyt, C. L. The Role of Leadership Efficacy and Stereotype Activation in Women’s Identification with Leadership. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies.
• Bailenson, J., Swinth, K., Hoyt, C., Persky, S., Dimov, A., & Blascovich, J.  The Independent and Interactive Effects of Embodied Agent Appearance and Behavior on Self-Report, Cognitive, and Behavioral Markers of Copresence in Immersive Virtual Environments. PRESENCE: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 14 (4) (2005).
• Hoyt, C. L., & Ciulla, J. Using Advanced Gaming Technology to Teach Leadership: A Research-Based Perspective. (Available from the Woodrow Wilson International Center of Scholars; (2004).
• Hoyt, C. & Blascovich, J. Transformational and Transactional Leadership in Virtual and Physical Environments. Small Group Research, 34, 678-715. (2003).
• Hoyt, C., Murphy, S., Halverson, S., & Watson C. Group leadership: Efficacy and effectiveness. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 7, 259-274. (2003).
• Hoyt, C., Blascovich, J., & Swinth, K. Social inhibition in immersive virtual environments. Presence, 12, 183-195. (2003).
• Hoyt, C. L. Women leaders: The role of stereotype activation and leadership efficacy. Kravis Leadership Institute, Leadership Review. (2002).